Design Principles / Task 1 Exercises
April 1, 2022 - April 10, 2022 / Week (1 - 2)
Anandya Dewi Saputra / 0354651
Design Principles / Bachelor of Design (Hons) in Creative Media / Taylor's University
Task 1 / Exercises
LECTURES
INTRODUCTIONS TO DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Week 1 :
In our first class, Ms. Jin Chi introduced herself and we were given pre-recorded videos and the module information booklet which contains the information for our future assignments. From what I learned, these are the components for elements of design and design principles :
Elements of Design
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https://www.thoughtco.com/what-are-the-elements-of-art-182704 Artist - Marina Li |
Elements of design consist of 7 components, it is; line, shape, form, space, texture, value, and color.
Line
Line is made up of little dots with a minimum amount of two connected together. This is the most basic and important element of them all, it doesn't have to be straight, it can vary in curves, or broken up. Lines are used most in sketching, particularly when exploring design concepts.
Shape
A shape is produced when a line is entirely joined from the starting point to the finishing point. There are two types of shapes; geometric and organic. Drawings made out of simple shapes such as circle, triangle, and rectangle is called geometric shape or man-made shape. Nature creates organic shapes that a circle, rectangle, and triangle combined cannot make that form of shape, organic shapes often have complex forms.
Form
There are two types of forms; 2D and 3D. When you look at a piece of art and it has depth or texture, but it's actually flat and you can't feel the texture, it's called a 2D form. A 3D form is when you can touch the art and feel the texture, as well as see the true depth of the work rather than just looking at it on a flat surface.
Space
There are two types of space; negative and positive space. Negative space occurs when there is an empty spot on your canvas, for example, background is also called negative space. Positive space is your art component or your art main focus. Actual space, deep space, infinite space, shallow space, flat space, and ambiguous space are the other 6 types of space.
Actual space is concerned with genuine or three-dimensional space. The region surrounding, above, and inside an item is referred to as a space. Deep space (perspective) generates an object that appears to be retreating towards the vanishing point. Infinite space (landscape) is a concept in which a picture frame serves as a window through which an item recedes indefinitely. The appearance is restricted depths with limited space is known as shallow space. Ambiguous space is the illusion of space created by the artist by the manipulation of a specific space. When an image occurs across the picture plane with no indication of depth is called flat (2D) space.
Texture
The look and feel of a piece of art's surface are referred to as texture. Real, simulated, abstract, and invented are the four forms of texture. When the genuine surface can be felt through the sense of touch, it is said to have real texture. Simulated texture appears to be realistic, but it's only in a 2D form since it lacks tactile properties. Abstract texture are based on an original texture that has been edited or stylized to meet the artist's need, and while they shows a hint of an original texture, they are not convincing replicas. Invented texture are not based on genuine texture and are created entirely by the artist's imagination.
Value
How light and dark interact with an object's hue is unrelated to its own. Value is used in shading to convey light and shadow as well as volume and form. Work that uses a broad range of values will, on average stands out more and be more visually rich and pleasant. Using a small range of values (all dark or all light) to establish the tones of the composition might range from ominous to tranquil to ethereal. Work with just extremely bright and very dark values, with no gray or middle tone is very contrasty and can be powerful and striking in style.
Color
There are two types of color; achromatic and monochromatic. Because black and white are not categorized as real color, achromatic color is when a work of art exclusively employs black and white and plays with the value for shading. Monochromatic art is a work of art that plays with only one color (for example blue only) but with different values.
Colors also have other two types which are; cool and warm tones. Cool tones consist of purple, blue, and green while warm tones consist of red, orange, and yellow.
If u ever wonder whether the color you choose is cool or warm tone especially since tertiary colors are difficult to categorize, you can try dividing the color wheel in half to see which tone it is.
Design Principles
Design principles consist of 6 components which are; unity (harmony), balance, hierarchy, scale (proportion) dominance (emphasis), and similarity (contrast).
Unity / Harmony
The attribute of fullness or oneness is unity/harmony. The placement of pieces provides the impression of completion. Harmony in a painting or design aids in the creation of togetherness. Harmony without contrast, on the other hand, may become boring. It's important to strike a balance between places of harmony and parts of contrast.
Balance
Visual balance is achieved by adjusting design elements like line, form, value, and color to produce a feeling of equilibrium in a piece of art. The ability to generate a unifying effect in a work is crucial because it allows the spectator to feel at ease with the composition. These are the 6 types of balance; symmetrical, asymmetrical, approximate symmetrical, radial, horizontal, and vertical.
Perfectly centered and organized composition results from symmetrical balance. The pieces should be arranged in such a way that they generate a mirror image on either side of the center axis. A feeling of formality and orderliness is usually created through symmetrical design. Asymmetrical balanced designs are off-center and have an odd number of pieces on either side of the center axis. Even yet, the pieces must be harmonized in such a way that objects of differing visual weight may balance one another around the center axis.
Approximate symmetrical balance is a type of symmetrical balance in which shapes that are similar but not identical are positioned on either side of the center axis. At first glance, imagery may appear to be symmetrical, but closer examination of the near-symmetrical balancing design reveals minor variances on either side of the picture plane. The components of radian design usually start at a central point and swirl around in a spiral or circular manner.
Unless mistakenly intended for a lack of balance, the elements should nevertheless be balanced in such a manner that the eyes are pulled to look at all areas of design. In most cases, horizontal image plane compositions provide a sense of peace and calm in a design. The eyes are stimulated to travel from left to right when the composition is horizontally balanced. The vertical image plane is frequently used in compositions to provide a sense of confidence and stability. Vertically balanced design encourages viewers to shift their gaze up and down the visual plane.
Hierarchy
The regulation of visual information in an arrangement or presentation to indicate significance is known as a hierarchy. The sequence in which the human eye interprets what it sees is influenced by hierarchy. Hierarchy is used in design to; add structure, create a visual organization, create direction, add focus, and make it easier for a viewer to browse and assimilate information. the contrast between visual components in a composition is commonly used to generate hierarchy. The visual components with the highest contrast are usually the first to be recognized. We may use hierarchy to regulate how a viewer interacts with content, ensuring that it is browsed and digested in the correct way. For instance, where do we want the eye to glance first, second, third, and so on?
Scale / Proportion
The notion of scale in art and design relates to the size of one thing in relation to another, most commonly the size of the artwork in relation to the viewer's body. The size connections of multiple views within a single piece of art are sometimes referred to as a scale.
Dominance / Emphasis
The intensity with which something is emphasized in order to give it value or significance is referred to as emphasis. The dominant element will grab the attention of the composition. It may be used to create a central focus in a display or window that draws the viewer's attention back to it. If we place design elements in such a way that they; contrast others in size, are distinct from the background, have a distinct form or character, are isolated from the rest, are part of a group within a field of isolated elements, are located at the end of a directional line or the focus asymmetrical design elements, we can give dominance to one.
Similarity & Contrast
The juxtaposition of conflicting elements in a work of art is known as contrast. It happens when two or more closely related parts are noticeably different. The larger the difference, the more dramatic the contrast. When dealing with contrast, it's important to make sure the differences are visible. The most popular strategies to create contrast are to make distinctions in; color, hue, movement, shape, size, space, temperature, texture, and value. Contrast is important because it offers diversity to the overall design while also bringing everything together. It focuses the viewer's attention to the painting and aids in guiding them around the artwork.
CONTRAST AND GESTALT THEORY
I have provided the explanation for contrast above, so I will be explaining gestalt theory. The gestalt principles are human perception principles that explain how we group related components, discern patterns, and simplify complicated pictures when we view objects. The principles are used by designers to organize material on websites and other interfaces such that it is both visually beautiful and understandable.
The picture above explains all the gestalt principles.
INSTRUCTION
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www.franklinpainting.com/blog/home/contrasting-interior-paint-colors |
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https://id.pinterest.com/pin/6136858867068708 |
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